German: Modal verbs and the infinitive at the end

Intermediate German
Created by Best · 22.03.2026 at 12:46 UTC · 1 completed

You want to say you can leave early: the finite modal grabs second position while the main verb stays bare infinitive at the end (Ich kann … gehen). That frame packages ability, obligation, permission, or intention without nesting clauses. Listeners cue on the modal for speech act force and on the final infinitive for content.

Use this in workplace German, university admin, and travel. Edge case: double infinitive stacks in perfect-tense modals belong to a later level; here, keep present modals + single infinitive. Open-course audio from DW reinforces prosody [1]; Duden supports fine-grained grammar checks [2].


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Tasks
Question 1

Fill the gap (Sie = formal you): Hier _____ Sie nicht rauchen. (no permission)

Hint

Talking about what is allowed.

Question 2

Fill the gap: Ich _____ heute leider nicht kommen. (unable to)

Hint

Ability / possibility blocked.

Question 3

Match: English must / have to (strong obligation) → core German modal:

Hint

External or internal necessity.

Question 4

In Ich muss jetzt gehen, the infinitive gehen usually appears:

Hint

Modal bracket.

Question 5

Which modal fits permission more than obligation in many contexts?

Hint

May I…?

Question 6

Translate into German: She may leave now. Use lowercase sie for she, present of dürfen, and put gehen at the end of the clause.

Hint

dürfen → er/sie/es darfgehen.

Card Info
  • Topic: German
  • Difficulty: Intermediate
  • Completed: 1 users
Creator
Best
Best
BestBuddy